Sclerotium athelia rolfsii, a pathogen of many plant. In vitro studies were conducted on the effect of media, temperature and ph levels on the mycelial growth and sclerotia production of s. After that is has been found in nearly all countries and states between the northern and southern latitudes. The fungus sclerotium rolfsii causes major economic losses in agriculture. Control of root rot of chickpea caused by sclerotium rolfsii. Peanut, soil solarization, sclerotium rolsii, pathogenicity ringkasan pengaruh solarisasi tanah terhadap tertumbuhan sclerotium 70lftii sacco dan patogenisitasuya pada kacang tanah tanah yang mengandung sklerotia sclerotium rolfsii dan ditutup dengan plastik transparan dan dibiarkan. Effect of different media, ph and temperature on growth and. Stem rot is also known as wilt, sclerotial disease, blight, foot rot, white mold, southern stem rot southern blight, sclerotium rot aycock, 1966. Antipathy of trichoderma against sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Jun 03, 2017 disease is also referred as sclerotium blight, sclerotium wilt, southern blight, southern stem rot and white mold which cause 5595% mortality of the crop at seedling stage under condusive conditions gurha and dubey, 1982. Sclerotium rolfsii and rhizoctonia solani was isolated from a soil naturally plants in a noninfested soil and it controlled s. Sclerotium rolfsii causing collar rot is a major disease affecting crop stand and yield in chickpea.
Later, saccardo 1911 named the fungus as sclerotium rolfsii. Laboratory bioassays were carried out to evaluate the antifungal potential of methanolic leaf extracts of three allelopathic trees, namely melia azedarach l. Sclerotium rolfsii is a destructive soil borne plant pathogen which causes southern blight disease on a wide variety of plants. Athelia rolfsii curzi tu and kimbrough is a destructive fungal plant pathogen causing diseases in many monocotyledon and dicotyledon plants encompassing more than 500 host species punja, 1984 8. Five abstract stem rot of groundnut caused by sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Cruzi tu and kimbrough, is a serious disease for a wide. Sclerotium rolfsii sacc, is a soilborne pathogen that commonly occurs in the. It is a soil borne plant pathogen which causes considerable damage to the crop and the disease intensity in the field ranged from 5 to 20% 7. Materials and methods pathogenic fungi, culture conditions, plant material and soil rhizoctonia solani ag 22 kuhn and sclerotium rolfsii sacc. The crop suffers from many fungal diseases, stem rot caused by sclerotium rolfsii is destructive soil borne disease which takes heavy toll on the crop. A comprehensive study was performed to report the variability in sclerotium rolfsii isolates.
Morphological variation in sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Potential of some fungicides on the growth and development of. In the present study, morphological and cultural variability. Cece suhara dan supriyono balai penelitian tanaman pemanis dan serat, malang abstrak salah satu penyakit utama tanaman kapas adalah penyakit bibit yang disebabkan oleh jamur sclerotium rolfsii. Evaluation of fungicides against sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Five wild species of arachis were also assessed in a greenhouse study. Jan 01, 1988 o t h e r media on which sclerotium athelia rolfsii 525 1 hymenia developed in 3 3 % of the isolates were dilute p d a 3. Index terms fungicides, inhibitory, in vitro, radial growth, sclerotium rolfsii i.
It is a soilborne plant pathogen of worldwide occurrence that infects more than 500 plant species aycock, 1966. The fungus produces white mycelia and abundant smallround sclerotia in vitro, and in vivo where they found at the stem base of infected plant, on the soil, and on the plant debris around it songvilay et al. Divya bharathi ar and narayanaswamy h abstract tuberose is an ornamental flower crop of commercial importance. Pathogen causes disease in important crops such as common beans, ground nuts, chick peas, soya,etc. Pdf physiological studies of sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Sclerotium rolfsii, an omnivorous, soilborne fungal pathogen, causes disease on a wide range of agricultural and horticultural crops. Influence of culture conditions on cellulase production. Sclerotium rolfsii sacc pdf crop protection 21 2002 403408. Twentytwo isolates of sclerotium rolfsii causing spotted leaf rot from varanasi. Review article diseases of peanut caused by soilborne. However, hazards associated with the use of chemicals have necessitated the search for alternatives, particularly among botanicals.
Stem rot of groundnut caused by sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Oct 28, 2018 the current study aimed at developing diverse trichoderma fusants for fungicides, drought, and salt tolerance with enhanced antagonistic activity against sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Morphological and cultural studies of sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Sclerotium rolfsii a potential biotic limiting factor for cultivation of sunflower. Sclerotium rolfsii egyptian journal of biological pest control. Pdf collar rot is one of the major diseases of chickpea caused by sclerotium rolfsii. Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 91, 173 groundnut with pseudomonas fluorescens for the control of collar rot caused 177 by sclerotium rolfsii sacc. This study used a multifaceted approach to screen 121 groundnut genotypes from different subspecies and botanical varieties for resistance to s. Chemical control has been a major strategy for its control. Sclerotium rolfsii southern blight of vegetables and melons. The bottles were inoculated with a fresh culture of s. First report of athelia rolfsii sclerotium rolfsii sacc.
Antipathy of trichoderma against sclerotium rolfsii sacc evaluation of cell walldegrading enzymatic activities and molecular diversity analysis of antagonists. The aim of the study for the importance of oxalic acid produced by sclerotium rolfsii during the invasion of host tissue during pathogenesis acts synergistically. Study on interactions between sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Pdf the pathogenicity of sclerotium rolfsii on cyperus. Identification of antagonistic bacteria against peanut stem rot disease. Collar rot disease caused by sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Using actinomycetes and vam fungi on soybean and impact to crop production and microorganism diversity in rhizosfer zone ika rochdjatun sastrahidayat1, syamsuddin djauhari1, budi prasetya1, nasir saleh2 1agriculture faculty of brawijaya university, 2indonesian legume and tuber crops research institute indonesia.
Sclerotium rolfsii by different agents and gamma radiation. Studies on the basidial formation by sclerotium rolfsii sacc xii. Jun 03, 2017 sclerotium rolfsii, a soil borne fungi which causes foot rot or collar rot of tomato is gaining a serious status. Journal of muthukumar and venkatesh plant pathol microb 2 4. Integrated management of southern blight in vegetable. Further, the 60 of isolates exhibited wide variation in in vitro oxalic acid production. Twenty kg sandcorn meal medium was prepared and transferred equally to three bottles and sterilized at 15 lb pressure for 30 min. Induction of sexual stage and colony morphology of some isolates. Muthukumar published physiological studies of sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Serratia marcescens bizio, isolated from the rhizosphere of plants grown in soil infested with sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Integrated management of sclerotium rolfsii groundnut.
Karnataka journal of agricultural sciences 11, liu l, kloepper w, tuzun s 1995 induction of systemic resistance in 423425 cucumber against fusarium wilt by pgpr. A thesis submitted to faculty of science tanta university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the. In recent years, this disease is increasing and causing huge losses in potato paul khurana, 1998. Effect of ocimum gratissimum and cymbopogon citratus extracts. Degradation of oxalic acid oa producing sclerotium rolfsii sacc. In 1928, the united states department of agriculture reported that s. Pengendalian penyakit secara kimiawi mempunyai dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan mikroorganisme nontarget. Efficiency of systemic triazoles and nonsystemic fungicides against sclerotium wilt of bell pepper caused by sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Chemical composition and control of sclerotium rolfsii sacc. The objective of this study was to determine whether the chitinolytic. A discussion on the basidial stage of sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Kulkarni 2007 reported the maximum incidence of wilt of potato caused by s. It is a facultative plant pathogen and is the causal agent of southern blight disease in crops. Athelia rolfsii is a corticioid fungus in the family atheliaceae.
Field studies were conducted to characterize the genetic nature of resistance to southern blight caused by sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Molecular insights into development of trichoderma. In vitro efficacy of different fungicides against sclerotium. Sclerotium rolfsii was consistently reisolated from the inoculated leaves. Collar rot of lentil caused by sclerotium rolfsii sacc.
Sclerotium rolfsii, ph, mint, collar rot, nutritional studies, temperature. It was prepared by mixing 95 parts of sand with 5 parts of maize grits. In vitro evaluation of bioagents and fungicides against foot. Protoplast fusion technology was employed to reconstruct fusants from this fungus.
Characterization of a groundnut collection to stem rot. In cowpea, the disease occurs in the stem, and present as a more representative symptom a tangle of white mycelium, which later develops into yellow tones and. Morphological and pathogenic characterization of sclerotium rolfsii. Effect of temperatures and culture media on sclerotium rolfsii.
Ketahanan plasma nutfah kapas gossypium hirsutum l terhadap. Sep 25, 2020 stem rot caused by sclerotium rolfsii is a destructive disease that induces serious yield losses in groundnut arachis hypogaea l. This region has an arid climate and peanut development is generally. Of these, collar rot caused by sclerotium rolfsii is a major constraint in the peppermint cultivation in tamil nadu. Sclerotium root rot southern blight of common beans caused by sclerotium rolfsii sacc. Trichoderma virens nbaii tvs12 mycoparasitic and trichoderma koningii mtcc796 multistress tolerant were used as parental strains for development of interspecific. Although no worldwide compilation of host genera has been published, over 270 host genera have been reported in the united states alone. Sclerotium rolfsii sacc control causes of stem rot disease in. Frontiers exploring combined effect of abiotic soil. Pengaruh solarisasi tanah terhadap pertumbuhan sclerotium. Different concentrations of methanolic leaf extracts ranging from 1.
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