A level pyschology, exemplar candidate work from june. In the study on sleep and dreaming by dement and kleitman, it is suggested that rapid eye movements rem only occur during dreaming. Psychology assumptions much of human behaviour will have a biological basis psychology should study the brain, nervous. Psychology 999001 paper 1 approaches, issues and debates for examination from 2018. The data table shown below is taken from the study of sleep and dreaming by dement and kleitman.
Level psychology 9990, and to show examples of high grade answers. The summaries are written by students themselves, which gives you the best possible insight into what is important to study about this book. Maguire, e a, frackowiak, r s j and frith, c d 1997, recalling routes around london. The pdf of the specification is linked to the right. Pdf on jan 1, 2019, michelle carr and others published dream recall and. Table 4 from the relation of eye movements during sleep to. Below is a very brief summary of the dement and kleitman study. William dement at his sleep laboratory at stanford university. Outline one quantitative result from the dreamduration estimates. The most popular choice was the basketball dream with responses tending to spell out the vertical eye movements. For example we do know that the structure of our nervous system, including the brain, and the action of chemicals can have an effect on our behaviour. To investigate dreaming in an objective way by looking for relationships between eye movements in sleep and dream recall.
Iv whether the ppt was woken in rem or nremdv whether they recalled the dream or. A level psychology that stuff you do in the 2nd year learnbyit where you can buy stuff that i have written learn psychology great site for any students of psychology below are the latest articles in the excellent bps research digest. Ocr recognising ach ievement heinemann official publisher partnership ocr. To investigate whether the amygdala is sensitive to different levels of emotional intensity. Magnetic resonance imaging mriwas a later development, and uses powerful magnets and radio pulses to. The relation of eye movements during sleep to dream activity. Rem sleep, on the other hand, is marked by intense brain activity and is a much more active period of sleep than nonrem. Kleitmanthe relation of eye movements during sleep to dream activity. Research indicates that not all dreams are the result of random neural activity.
Dement and kleitmans research aimed to find objective methods to demonstrate a relationship between dream content and physiological indicators of dreaming. The dement kleitman system for classifying the stages of sleep in humans is now in wide use and is the basis for the reehtschaffenkales manual on sleep. The study of dream activity and its relation to physiological. The physiological approach to psychology focuses on the relationship between our biological makeup and our behaviour and experience. Dement and kleitman collected both qualitative and quantitative data, but the use of quantitative data is a strength as it allowed them to draw correlations between two factors, for example, they found that dream duration was positively correlated with how long the participants estimated the dream length to be ranging from r0. After stage 3 eeg sleep, they stay there for a time and retreat back through stages of sleep to stage 1. Take a look at our interactive learning mind map about evaluation. Pdf the relation of eye movements during sleep to dream. Two or more elctrodes were attatched near the eyes via eog, and two or more electrodes were attatched to the scalp via eeg. Dement and kleitman 1957 the relation of eye movements during sleep to dream activity. On this page you find summaries, notes, study guides and many more for the textbook cambridge international as and a level psychology coursebook, written by julia russell. Many researchers have attempted to characterize the association between sleep physiology. Physiological psychology sleeping, dreaming, and circadian rhythms 3 course module f.
This stage is heavily regulated by the brainstem mccarley et al. They are quite expensive, so check to see if your localcollege. This great picture is of nathaniel kleitman serving as a subject in one of his own sleep experiments. Start studying physiological psychology dement and kleitman. Dement and kleitman 1957 rem and dreams discussion. Human beings are physical beings, made of chemicals which obey the laws. Cambridge international examinations cambridge international. The aice psychology as level requires students to become familiar with psychology themes and 20 major psychology cases. It gave an indepth look at the physical properties of dreams and was wellreceived due to the extreme amount of interest in this topic from psychologists and the public alike.
The biological approach is supported by numerous research studies 1. Write a pee point evaluating the dement and kleitman study either positively or. They uncovered he occasional occurrence of very rapid movements of the eyes at various times during the sleep cycle. From the study by dement and kleitman sleep and dreams describe. Original study at bottom of page quick facts research method. This video tries to explain the study by dement and kleitmen 1957. Outline two conclusions that can be drawn from this data. This video tries to explain the study by dement and kleitmen 1957 hey guys. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. During other stages, on the other hand, they normally do not report dreaming. Here is a multiple choice quiz and here is a cloze exercise. Dement, known as the father of sleep medicine, is a washington statenative who had dreams of becoming a journalist. The notes have been collated from a variety of different sources in order to provide the most detail that will be sure to help you achieve the top grades. Held and hein 1963 movementproduced stimulation in the development of visually guided behaviour.
Schachter and singer 1962 cognitive, social and phyiological developments of emotional state. Pdf the relation of eye movements during sleep to dream activity. Study physiological dement and kleitman flashcards from matthew prices class online, or in brainscapes iphone or android app. Cambridge assessment international education cambridge. Physiological restoration 1 immune system regenerated, but no evidence of change in cell division. Dement md phd born 1928, is a pioneering us sleep researcher, and founder of the sleep research center, the worlds first sleep laboratory, at stanford university. By the time students sit for the aice exam student will have an introduction to psychological concepts, theories, research findings, and applications. The polysomnograms corresponding to each of the svlds were scored for sleep stages and every svld rem period was divided into 30 s epochs aligned with the lucidity onset signal. Give one piece of evidence which supports this suggestion, and one piece of evidence that challenges it.
From the study by dement and kleitman on sleep and dreaming. They tested 5 participants, waking them either 5 or 15 minutes into periods of rem sleep. Cambridge international as and a level psychology coursebook. Describe the first part of the basic procedure of dement and kleitman s study instructed to eat normally, avoid caffeine or alcohol on the day of experiment. Unfortunately, all of the journalism classes at the university of washington were full, so dement opted to enroll in an introduction to psychology course instead.
In 1957, researchers dement and kleitman conducted a similar study eliciting 351. This is a website full of stuff that should be useful and enjoyable if you are studying ocr psychology. Background each day, the news media is filled with examples of violence and crime and, since world war two, there have been only around thirty days during which a war is not being fought somewhere in the world. An objective method for the study of dreaming why do we. Dement and kleitman flashcards in a level and ib psychology. Physiological psychology dement and kleitman flashcards. Both studies use these techniques because both are interested in the relationship of the brain with psychological. Biological approach dement and kleitman strengths and. Reka szentimrey, karoli gaspar university, psychological institute, 324.
An aim of dement and kleitman s study was to investigate if dreaming occurs more. Dement, w and kleitman, n 1957, the relation of eye movements during sleep to dream activity. He is a leading authority on sleep, sleep deprivation, and the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders such as sleep apnea and narcolepsy. When they return to stage 1, things are not at all the same as they were. Sleep physiology sleep disorders and sleep deprivation ncbi. The findings could guide the creation of interventions that. Pdf dream recall and content in different stages of sleep and. Individual differences powered by create your own unique website with customizable templates.
Participants should leave the study in the same psychologicalphysical state as. Over this first block of lessons, youll learn about how psychological research is carried out to. Research indicates that not all dreams are the result of. A classic in psychology, dement and kleitman s study provided evidence for understanding why we dream. Dement and kleitman eye movements in sleep psych tutor. Sleep and dreams dement and kleitmen as level psychology. Dement and kleitman, or create your own mind map using our free cloud based mind map maker. This post presents and illustrates the dement and kleitman research sleep and dreams as per the requirements of the ib igcse as 9990 syllabus including the studys background, aims, research method, measured and manipulated variables, controls, sample characteristics, results, findings, conclusions, strengths and weaknesses, ethics, and evaluation. You will need to use the more detailed summary here to revise for the exam. Biological approach dement and kleitman strengths and weaknesses. Activation of the right hippocampus in taxi drivers. Reponses that failed to gain credit including dreams not reported in the study itself and those that produced horizontal eye movements. M sleep, and they are awakened, the great majority of the time they will report that they were having a vivid, storylike, dream.
This lesson begins the discussion of the application of this. To the right are some text books that will be very helpful in your revision as they are made specifically for this course. Participants were more accurate at estimating 5 mins compared to 15 mins 1 mark. Dement and kleitman 1957 is a classic study which explored sleep and dreaming using electronic recording as.
Higher psychology 20202021 head start booklet hello. Interestingly enough, it was not until 1953, that dement and kleitman discovered that. The relation of eye movements during sleep to dream. You can also find all of the past exam questions on dement and kleitman s study here. November 15, 2017 november 24, 2017 alevelpsychologycie leave a comment aim. Physiological dement and kleitman flashcards by matthew. December physiological psychology individual differences 3. This chapter provides an overview of basic sleep physiology and describes the characteristics.
Eye movements are more frequent in dreams about distant objects. Eeg is defined by a predominance of delta waves the largest and slowest eeg waves, within a frequency of 1 to 2 hz. The findings could guide the creation of interventions that could improve dream length and content 1. From sperrys split brain study into the psychological effects of hemisphere deconnection. The vivid recall that could be elicited in the middle of the night when a.
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